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ancient federalism

249-200 BCE, citizenship and federal states, dual citizenship, Epigraphic source

Syll.³ 622A (= IG IX2 1 178) + Syll.³ 622B (= IC II V 19). Decree of the Aetolian Koinon and Letter of the Kosmoi of (V)Axos. Late 3rd century BC

This inscription from Delphi consists of a decree from the Aetolian confederation (A1) and a letter sent by the kosmoi of the Cretan city of (V)Axos to the authorities of...

499-300 BCE, citizenship and federal states, Literary source, public offices

Hell.Oxy. 16.2-3 (McKechnie-Kern). Organisation of the Boiotian League (between 446 and 387 BC)

The conflict between the Lokrians and Phokians, which was at the origin of the stalemate in the Corinth War (395-387 BC), gives the author of the Hellenika Oxyrhynchia the opportunity...

249-200 BCE, citizenship and federal states, Epigraphic source, religious institutions and citizenship

IG IV 1.2 73 (Moretti nr. 48). List of nomographoi from Epidaurus (between 210 and 207/6 BC)

At Epidaurus, one of the inscriptions from the sanctuary of Asclepius contains a law of the Achaean confederation relating to the cult of Hygieia, the goddess of health, dating from...

399-350 BCE, citizenship and federal states, Epigraphic source, honorific decree, public offices

IG V 2 1. Decreto onorifico della Confederazione arcadica per l’ateniese Phylarchos (369-363 a.C.)

Iscrizione stoichedica da Tegea, ora perduta, composta da un decreto di prossenia e una lista, in tutta probabilità completa, di magistrati federali. Il documento deve essere successivo al sinecismo di...

199-150 BCE, citizenship and federal states, Epigraphic source, honorific decree, public offices

IG VII 411 (I.Oropos 307). Honorary Decree from Oropos for Hieron of Aegeira (154-150 BC)

This is a decree from Oropos, dating from the mid-2nd century BC, in which the Oropians honour a benefactor, the Achaean Hieron, for pleading their cause during exile and helping...

199-150 BCE, citizenship and federal states, Literary source

Polybius, 2.37.7-11. Eulogy of the Achaean League (c. 150 BC)

In one of the most renowned passages of Polybius’ Histories, which celebrates the expansion of the Achaean league throughout the Peloponnese, the historian from Megalopolis praises the Achaean federal model...

149-100 BCE, citizenship and federal states, Literary source, public offices

Strabo, 14.3.3. Working of the Lycian koinon (100 BC)

The structure of the Lycian confederation is known not only from epigraphic and numismatic documentation, but also from a well-known passage in Strabo (14.3.3), who praises its good governance and...